BTM August 2012 123 Many factors play a role in cancer development, but the good news is that most of them can be avoided. Reduce Your Risk BAHRAIN SPECIALIST HOSPITAL Bahrain This Month sits down with consultant medical oncologist Dr Tarek Ali M El-Gohary to discuss eight practical tips to reduce your risk. “People at risk can help protect themselves by avoiding factors where possible and by getting regular check-ups so that, if cancer develops, it is likely to be found early. With a few simple lifestyle changes, risk of many types of cancer can be reduced,” says the doctor. Smoking Smoking is the most significant risk factor that we can reduce. It is responsible for not only lung cancer, but many other types. One of the best ways to prevent the disease is to quit smoking. “People need to know that it is never too late, your body immediately reaps the benefits of being tobacco-free,” explains Dr Tarek. Sunlight Skin cancer is one of the most preventable types of cancer. The first step for prevention is to avoid UV ray exposure. This can be done by wearing sunscreen, avoiding midday sun, wearing protective clothing when outdoors and staying away from tanning beds. Diet Studies show that dark fruits, like blueberries and grapes, may also have anti-cancer properties. Vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower and cabbage appear to pack a powerful punch at preventing cancer, according to numerous studies. A diet high in animal fat increases the risk for several types of cancer, particularly that of the colon. Alcohol Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol regularly increases the likelihood of many types of cancers. Studies suggest that men who consume two alcoholic drinks per day and women who have one alcoholic drink per day significantly increase their risk. Exercise Did you know that exercising is one of the most efficient cancer prevention methods? The American Cancer Society recommends exercising 30 minutes, at least five days a week for cancer prevention. Family history If you know that a certain type of cancer runs in your family, let your doctor know. Together, you can determine a proper screening plan and assess your true risk. “Genetic testing and counselling is available and may be recommended based on your family's medical history,” adds Dr Tarek. Sex Unsafe sex can result in getting infected with human papilloma virus (HPV), a known cause for cervical cancer and a risk factor for many other types of cancer. A vaccine to prevent HPV was approved by the FDA in 2006 and protects against four strains of HPV that are associated with cervical cancer and other types. Cancer screening Screening tests like the colonoscopy and pap smear can detect abnormal cellular changes before they turn cancerous. Other screening tests are available and may be useful for early detection, but not necessarily cancer prevention. Prostate cancer screening through digital rectal exams and PSA tests can help detect prostate cancer early. Mammograms and other imaging tools are also recommended to detect breast cancer in women. E Call 17 812-000 Dr Tarek Ali M El-Gohary
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